~ What's Missing from Multi-Vitamin Supplements? - References
References
1. Eyre H, Kahn R, Robertson RM, et al. Preventing cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes: a common agenda for the American Cancer Society, the American Diabetes Association, and the American Heart Association. Stroke. 2004 Aug;35(8):1999-2010.
2. Fletcher RH, Fairfield KM. Vitamins for chronic disease prevention in adults: clinical applications. JAMA. 2002 Jun;287(23):3127-9.
3. Daniele ND, Carbonelli MG, Candeloro N, Iacopino L, De Lorenzo A, Andreoli A. Effect of supplementation of calcium and Vitamin D on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in peri- and post- menopause women; A double-blind, ran- domized, controlled trial. Pharmacol Res. 2004 Dec;50(6):637-41.
4. Heber D. Vegetables, fruits and phytoestrogens in the prevention of diseases. J Postgrad Med. 2004 Apr-Jun;50(2):145-9.
5. Available at: http://dccps.nci.nih.gov/ 5ad_2_evi.html. Accessed October 29, 2004.
6. Bazzano LA, Serdula MK, Liu S. Dietary intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of cardiovascular disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2003 Nov;5(6):492-9.
7. Srinath Reddy K, Katan MB. Diet, nutrition and the prevention of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Public Health Nutr. 2004 Feb;7(1A):167-86.
8. Rissanen TH, Voutilainen S, Virtanen JK, et al. Low intake of fruits, berries and vegetables is associated with excess mortality in men: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor (KIHD) Study. J Nutr. 2003 Jan;133(1):199-204.
9. Lund E. Non-nutritive bioactive constituents of plants: dietary sources and health benefits of glucosinolates. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2003 Mar;73(2):135-43.
10. Munday R, Munday CM. Induction of phase II detoxification enzymes in rats by plant-derived isothiocyanates: comparison of allylisothiocyanate with sulforaphane and related compounds. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Apr;52(7):1867-71.
11. Marrugat J, Covas MI, Firo M, et al. Effects of differing phenolic content in dietary olive oils on lipids and LDL oxidation—a random ized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr. 2004 Jun;43(3):140-7.
12. Blomhoff R. [Antioxidants and oxidative stress]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2004 Jun;124(12):1643-5.
13. Seeram NP, Lee R, Heber D. Bioavailability of ellagic acid in human plasma after consumption of ellagitannins from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice. Clin Chim Acta. 2004 Oct;348(1-2):63-8.
14. Aviram M, Dornfeld L, Kaplan M, et al. Pomegranate juice flavonoids inhibit low-density lipoprotein oxidation and cardiovascular diseases: studies in atherosclerotic mice and in humans. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 2002;28(2-3):49-62.
15. Aviram M, Rosenblat M, Gaitini D, et al. Pomegranate juice consumption for 3 years by patients with carotid artery stenosis reduces common carotid intima-media thickness, blood pressure and LDL oxidation. Clin Nutr. 2004 Jun;23(3):423-33.
16. Esmaillzadeh A, Tahbaz F, Gaieni I, Alavi- Majd H, Azadbakht L. Concentrated pomegranate juice improves lipid profiles in diabetic patients with hyperlipidemia. J Med Food. 2004 Fall;7(3):305-8.
17. Hou RC, Wu CC, Yang CH, Jeng KC. Protective effects of sesamin and sesamolin on murine BV-2 microglia cell line under hypoxia. Neurosci Lett. 2004 Aug;367(1):10-3.
18. Utsunomiya T, Shimada M, Rikimaru T, et al. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of a diet supplemented with sesamin on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Hepatogastroenterology. 2003 Sep- Oct;50(53):1609-13.
19. Ashakumary L, Rouyer I, Takahashi Y, et al. Sesamin, a sesame lignan, is a potent inducer of hepatic fatty acid oxidation in the rat. Metabolism. 1999 Oct;48(10):1303-13.
20. Nakano D, Itoh C, Takaoka M, Kiso Y, Tanaka T, Matsumura Y. Antihypertensive effect of sesamin. IV. Inhibition of vascular superoxide production by sesamin. Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Sep;25(9):1247-9.
21. Cooney RV, Custer LJ, Okinaka L, Franke AA. Effects of dietary sesame seeds on plas- ma tocopherol levels. Nutr Cancer. 2001;39(1):66-71.
22. Yamashita K, Ikeda S, Obayashi M. Comparative effects of flaxseed and sesame seed on vitamin E and cholesterol levels in rats. Lipids. 2003 Dec;38(12):1249-55.
23. Visioli F, Galli C, Plasmati E, et al. Olive phenol hydroxytyrosol prevents passive smoking-induced oxidative stress. Circulation. 2000 Oct; 102(18):2169-71.
24. Tuck KL, Hayball PJ. Major phenolic compounds in olive oil: metabolism and health effects. J Nutr Biochem. 2002 Nov;13(11):636-44.
25. Leenen R, Roodenburg AJ, Vissers MN, et al. Supplementation of plasma with olive oil phenols and extracts: influence on LDL oxi- dation. J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Feb;50(5):1290-7.
26. Wiseman SA, Tijburg LB, van de Put FH. Olive oil phenolics protect LDL and spare vitamin E in the hamster. Lipids. 2002 Nov;37(11):1053-7.
27. Visioli F, Galli C. Antiatherogenic components of olive oil. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2001 Jan;3(1):64-7.
28. Vissers MN, Zock PL, Katan MB. Bioavailability and antioxidant effects of olive oil phenols in humans: a review. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004 Jun;58(6):955-65.
29. Siddiqui IA, Afaq F, Adhami VM, Ahmad N, Mukhtar H. Antioxidants of the beverage tea in the promotion of human health. Antiox Redox Signal. 2004 Jun;6(3):571-82.
30. Chen D, Daniel KG, Kuhn, et al. Green tea and polyphenols in cancer prevention. Front Biosci. 2004 Sep;9:2618-31.
31. Hussain T, Gupta S, Adhami VM, Mukhtar H. Green tea constituent epigallocatechin- 3-gallate selectively inhibits COX-2 without affecting COX-1 expression in human prostate carcinoma cells. Int J Cancer. 2004 Sep 28 [Epub ahead of print].
32. Katsube T, Tabata H, Ohta Y, et al. Screening for antioxidant activity in edible plant products: comparison of low-density lipoprotein oxidation assay, DPPH radical scavenging assay, and Folin-Ciocalteu assay. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Apr;52(8):2391-6.
33. Sano J, Inami S, Seimiya K, et al. Effects of green tea intake on the development of coronary artery disease. Circ J. 2004 Jul;68(7):665-70.
34. Yang YC, Lu FH, Wu JS, Wu CH, Chang CJ. The protective effect of habitual tea consumption on hypertension. Arch Intern Med. 2004 Jul;164(14):1534-40.
35. Tsuneki H, Ishizuka M, Terasawa M, Wu JB, Sasaoka T, Kimura I. Effect of green tea on blood glucose levels and serum proteomic patterns in diabetic (db/db) mice and on glucose metabolism in healthy humans. BMC Pharmacol. 2004 Aug; 4(1):18.
36. Weinreb O, Mandel S, Amit T, Youdim MB. Neurological mechanisms of green tea polyphenols in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. J Nutr Biochem. 2004 Sep;15(9):506-16.
37. Walaszek, Szemraj J, Narog M, et al. Metabolism, uptake, and excretion of a D- glucaric acid salt and its potential use in cancer prevention. Cancer Detect Prev. 1997;21(2):178-90.
38. Wu L, Ashraf MH, Facci M, et al. Dietary approach to attenuate oxidative stress, hypertension, and inflammation in the cardiovascular system. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004 May;101(18):7094-9.
39. Gamet-Payrastre L, Li P, Lumeau S, et al. Sulforaphane, a naturally occurring isiothio-cyanate, induces cell cyle arrest and apopto- sis in HT 29 human colon cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2000 Mar;60(5):1426-33.
40. Kensler TW, Curphey TJ, Maxiuntenko Y, Roebuck BD. Chemoprevention by organosulfur inducers of phase 2 enzymes: dithiolethiones and dithiins. Drug Metabol Drug Interact. 2000;17(1-4):3-22.
41. Fahey JW, Zhang Y, Talalay P. Broccoli sprouts: an exceptionally rich source of inducers of enzymes that protect against chemical carcinogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997 Sep;94(19):10367-72.
42. Kosar M, Dorman HJ, Can Baser KH, Hiltunen R. Screening of free radical scavenging compounds in water extracts of Mentha samples using a postcolumn derivatization method. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Aug;52(16):5004-10.
43. Ueda H, Yamazaki C, Yamazaki M. Luteolin as an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic constituent of Perilla frutescens. Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Sep;25(9):1197-202.
44. Shi RX, Ong CN, Shen HM. Luteolin sensitizes necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis in human tumor cells. Oncogene. 2004 Aug 30 [Epub ahead of print].
45. Yin F, Giuliano AE, Van Herle AJ. Growth inhibitory effects of flavonoids in human thyroid cancer cell lines. Thyroid. 1999 Apr;9(4):369-76.
46. Seddon JM, Ajani UA, Sperduto RD, et al. Dietary carotenoids, vitamins A, C, and E, and advanced age-related macular degener- ation. Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group. JAMA. 1994 Nov;272(18):1413-20.
47. Giovannucci E. A review of epidemiological studies of tomatoes, lycopene, and prostate cancer. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2002 Nov;227(10):852-9.
48. Dorgan JF, Sowell A, Swanson CA, et al. Relationship of serum carotenoids, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and selenium with breast cancer risk: results from a prospective study in Columbia, Missouri (United States). Cancer Causes Control. 1998 Jan;9(1):89-97.
49. Kohlmeier L, Kark JD, Gomez-Garcia E, et al. Lycopene and mycocardial infarction risk in the EURAMIC Study. Am J Epidemiol. 50. Visioli F, Riso P, Grande S, Galli C, Porrini M. Protective activity of tomato products on in vivo markers of lipid oxidation. Eur J Nutr. 2003 Aug;42(4):201-6.
51. Roy S, Khanna S, Alessio HM, et al. Anti-angiogenic property of edible berries. Free Rad Res. 2002 Sep;36(9):1023-31.
52. Goyarzu P, Malin DH, Lau FC, et al. Blueberry supplemented diet: effects on object recognition memory and nuclear fac- tor-kappa B in aged rats. Nutr Neurosci. 2004 Apr;7(2):75-83.
53. [No authors listed]. Monograph. Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry). Altern Med Rev. 2001 Oct;6(5):500-4.
54. Hou DX. Potential mechanisms of cancer chemoprevention by anthocyanins. Curr Mol Med. 2003 Mar;3(2):149-59.
55. Swantson-Flatt SK, Day C, Bailey CJ, Flatt PR. Traditional plant treatments for diabetes. Studies in normal and streptozocin diabetic mice. Diabetologia. 1990 Aug;33(8):462-4.
56. Rossi A, Settaino I, Dugo P, et al. Protective effects of anthocyanins from blackberry in a rat model of acute lung inflammation. Free Radic Res. 2003 Aug;37(8):891-900.
57. Sauebin L, Rossi A, Serraino I, et al. Effect of anthocyanins contained in a blackberry extract on the circulatory failure and multiple organ dysfunction caused by endotoxin in the rat. Planta Med. 2004 Aug;70(8):745-52.
58. Jepson RG, Mihaljevic L, Craig J. Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004(2):CD001321.
59. Ferguson PJ, Kurowska E, Freeman DJ, Chambers AF, Koropatnick DJ. A flavonoid fraction from cranberry extract inhibits proliferation of human tumor cell lines. J Nutr. 2004 Jun;134(6):1529-35.
60. Barak V, Birkenfeld S, Halperin T, Kalickman I. The effect of herbal remedies on the production of human inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Isr Med Assoc J. 2002 Nov;4(11Suppl):919-22.
61. Jacob RA, Spinozzi GM, Simon VA, et al. Consumption of cherries lowers plasma urate in healthy women. J Nutr. 2003 Jun;133(6):1826-9.
62. Chin OK, Kim DO, Moon HY, Kang HG, Lee CY. Contributions of individual polyphenolics to total antioxidant capacity of plums. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Dec;51(25):7240-5.
63. Gorinstein S, Bartnikowska E, Kulasek G, Zemser M, Trakhtenberg S. Dietary persimmon improves lipid metabolism in rats fed diets containing cholesterol. J Nutr. 1998 Nov;128(11):2023-7.
64. Kawase M, Motohashi N, Stoh K, et al. Biological activity of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) peel extracts. Phytother Res. 2003 May;17(5):495-500.
65. Gorinstein S, Zachwieja Z, Folta M, et al. Comparative contents of dietary fiber, total phenolics, and minerals in persimmons and apples. J Agric Food Chem. 2001 Feb;49(2):952-7.
66. Shi J, Yu J, Pohorly JE, Kakuda Y. Polyphenolics in grape seeds—biochemistry and functionality. J Med Food. 2003 Winter;6(4):291-9.
67. Binns CW, LJ LJ, Lee AH. The relationship between dietary carotenoids and prostate cancer risk in Southeast Chinese men. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2004;13(Suppl):S117.
68. Psaltopoulou T, Naska A, Orfanos P, Trichopoulos D, Mountokalakis T, Trichopoulou A. Olive oil, the Mediterranean diet, and arterial blood pres- sure: the Greek European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Oct;80(4):1012-8.
69. Gaudet MM, Britton JA, Kabat GC, et al. Fruits, vegetables, and micronutrients in relation to breast cancer modified by menopause and hormone receptor status. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004 Sept;13(9):1485-94.
70. Nicolle C, Cardinault N, Gueux E, et al. Health effect of vegetable-based diet: lettuce consumption improves cholesterol metabolism and antioxidant status in rats. Clin Nutr. 2004 Aug;23(4):605-14.
71. Turner F, Smith G, Sachse C, et al. Vegetable, fruit and meat consumption and potential risk modifying genes in relation to colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer. 2004 Nov 1;112(2):259-64.
72. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/ dnpa/5aday/campaign/color/index.htm. Accessed November 1, 2004.
73. Cho E, Seddon JM, Rosner B, Willett WC, Hankinson SE. Prospective study of intakes of fruits, vegetables, vitamins, and carotenoids and risk of age-related macu- lopathy. Arch Opthalmol. 2004 Jun;122(6):883-92.
74. He K, Hu FB, Colditz GA, Manson JE, Willett WC, Liu S. Changes in intake of fruit and vegetables in relation to risk of obesity and weight gain among middle-aged women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004 Oct 05 [Epub ahead of print].
75. Commenges D, Scotet V, Renaud S, Jacqmin-Gadda H, Barberger-Gateau P, Dartigues JF. Intake of flavonoids and risk for dementia. Eur J Epidemiol. 2000 Apr;16(4):357-63.
76. Steinmetz KA, Potter JD. Vegetables, fruit, and cancer prevention: a review. J Am Diet Assoc. 1996 Oct;96(10):1027-39.
1. Eyre H, Kahn R, Robertson RM, et al. Preventing cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes: a common agenda for the American Cancer Society, the American Diabetes Association, and the American Heart Association. Stroke. 2004 Aug;35(8):1999-2010.
2. Fletcher RH, Fairfield KM. Vitamins for chronic disease prevention in adults: clinical applications. JAMA. 2002 Jun;287(23):3127-9.
3. Daniele ND, Carbonelli MG, Candeloro N, Iacopino L, De Lorenzo A, Andreoli A. Effect of supplementation of calcium and Vitamin D on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in peri- and post- menopause women; A double-blind, ran- domized, controlled trial. Pharmacol Res. 2004 Dec;50(6):637-41.
4. Heber D. Vegetables, fruits and phytoestrogens in the prevention of diseases. J Postgrad Med. 2004 Apr-Jun;50(2):145-9.
5. Available at: http://dccps.nci.nih.gov/ 5ad_2_evi.html. Accessed October 29, 2004.
6. Bazzano LA, Serdula MK, Liu S. Dietary intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of cardiovascular disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2003 Nov;5(6):492-9.
7. Srinath Reddy K, Katan MB. Diet, nutrition and the prevention of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Public Health Nutr. 2004 Feb;7(1A):167-86.
8. Rissanen TH, Voutilainen S, Virtanen JK, et al. Low intake of fruits, berries and vegetables is associated with excess mortality in men: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor (KIHD) Study. J Nutr. 2003 Jan;133(1):199-204.
9. Lund E. Non-nutritive bioactive constituents of plants: dietary sources and health benefits of glucosinolates. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2003 Mar;73(2):135-43.
10. Munday R, Munday CM. Induction of phase II detoxification enzymes in rats by plant-derived isothiocyanates: comparison of allylisothiocyanate with sulforaphane and related compounds. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Apr;52(7):1867-71.
11. Marrugat J, Covas MI, Firo M, et al. Effects of differing phenolic content in dietary olive oils on lipids and LDL oxidation—a random ized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr. 2004 Jun;43(3):140-7.
12. Blomhoff R. [Antioxidants and oxidative stress]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2004 Jun;124(12):1643-5.
13. Seeram NP, Lee R, Heber D. Bioavailability of ellagic acid in human plasma after consumption of ellagitannins from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice. Clin Chim Acta. 2004 Oct;348(1-2):63-8.
14. Aviram M, Dornfeld L, Kaplan M, et al. Pomegranate juice flavonoids inhibit low-density lipoprotein oxidation and cardiovascular diseases: studies in atherosclerotic mice and in humans. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 2002;28(2-3):49-62.
15. Aviram M, Rosenblat M, Gaitini D, et al. Pomegranate juice consumption for 3 years by patients with carotid artery stenosis reduces common carotid intima-media thickness, blood pressure and LDL oxidation. Clin Nutr. 2004 Jun;23(3):423-33.
16. Esmaillzadeh A, Tahbaz F, Gaieni I, Alavi- Majd H, Azadbakht L. Concentrated pomegranate juice improves lipid profiles in diabetic patients with hyperlipidemia. J Med Food. 2004 Fall;7(3):305-8.
17. Hou RC, Wu CC, Yang CH, Jeng KC. Protective effects of sesamin and sesamolin on murine BV-2 microglia cell line under hypoxia. Neurosci Lett. 2004 Aug;367(1):10-3.
18. Utsunomiya T, Shimada M, Rikimaru T, et al. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of a diet supplemented with sesamin on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Hepatogastroenterology. 2003 Sep- Oct;50(53):1609-13.
19. Ashakumary L, Rouyer I, Takahashi Y, et al. Sesamin, a sesame lignan, is a potent inducer of hepatic fatty acid oxidation in the rat. Metabolism. 1999 Oct;48(10):1303-13.
20. Nakano D, Itoh C, Takaoka M, Kiso Y, Tanaka T, Matsumura Y. Antihypertensive effect of sesamin. IV. Inhibition of vascular superoxide production by sesamin. Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Sep;25(9):1247-9.
21. Cooney RV, Custer LJ, Okinaka L, Franke AA. Effects of dietary sesame seeds on plas- ma tocopherol levels. Nutr Cancer. 2001;39(1):66-71.
22. Yamashita K, Ikeda S, Obayashi M. Comparative effects of flaxseed and sesame seed on vitamin E and cholesterol levels in rats. Lipids. 2003 Dec;38(12):1249-55.
23. Visioli F, Galli C, Plasmati E, et al. Olive phenol hydroxytyrosol prevents passive smoking-induced oxidative stress. Circulation. 2000 Oct; 102(18):2169-71.
24. Tuck KL, Hayball PJ. Major phenolic compounds in olive oil: metabolism and health effects. J Nutr Biochem. 2002 Nov;13(11):636-44.
25. Leenen R, Roodenburg AJ, Vissers MN, et al. Supplementation of plasma with olive oil phenols and extracts: influence on LDL oxi- dation. J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Feb;50(5):1290-7.
26. Wiseman SA, Tijburg LB, van de Put FH. Olive oil phenolics protect LDL and spare vitamin E in the hamster. Lipids. 2002 Nov;37(11):1053-7.
27. Visioli F, Galli C. Antiatherogenic components of olive oil. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2001 Jan;3(1):64-7.
28. Vissers MN, Zock PL, Katan MB. Bioavailability and antioxidant effects of olive oil phenols in humans: a review. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004 Jun;58(6):955-65.
29. Siddiqui IA, Afaq F, Adhami VM, Ahmad N, Mukhtar H. Antioxidants of the beverage tea in the promotion of human health. Antiox Redox Signal. 2004 Jun;6(3):571-82.
30. Chen D, Daniel KG, Kuhn, et al. Green tea and polyphenols in cancer prevention. Front Biosci. 2004 Sep;9:2618-31.
31. Hussain T, Gupta S, Adhami VM, Mukhtar H. Green tea constituent epigallocatechin- 3-gallate selectively inhibits COX-2 without affecting COX-1 expression in human prostate carcinoma cells. Int J Cancer. 2004 Sep 28 [Epub ahead of print].
32. Katsube T, Tabata H, Ohta Y, et al. Screening for antioxidant activity in edible plant products: comparison of low-density lipoprotein oxidation assay, DPPH radical scavenging assay, and Folin-Ciocalteu assay. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Apr;52(8):2391-6.
33. Sano J, Inami S, Seimiya K, et al. Effects of green tea intake on the development of coronary artery disease. Circ J. 2004 Jul;68(7):665-70.
34. Yang YC, Lu FH, Wu JS, Wu CH, Chang CJ. The protective effect of habitual tea consumption on hypertension. Arch Intern Med. 2004 Jul;164(14):1534-40.
35. Tsuneki H, Ishizuka M, Terasawa M, Wu JB, Sasaoka T, Kimura I. Effect of green tea on blood glucose levels and serum proteomic patterns in diabetic (db/db) mice and on glucose metabolism in healthy humans. BMC Pharmacol. 2004 Aug; 4(1):18.
36. Weinreb O, Mandel S, Amit T, Youdim MB. Neurological mechanisms of green tea polyphenols in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. J Nutr Biochem. 2004 Sep;15(9):506-16.
37. Walaszek, Szemraj J, Narog M, et al. Metabolism, uptake, and excretion of a D- glucaric acid salt and its potential use in cancer prevention. Cancer Detect Prev. 1997;21(2):178-90.
38. Wu L, Ashraf MH, Facci M, et al. Dietary approach to attenuate oxidative stress, hypertension, and inflammation in the cardiovascular system. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004 May;101(18):7094-9.
39. Gamet-Payrastre L, Li P, Lumeau S, et al. Sulforaphane, a naturally occurring isiothio-cyanate, induces cell cyle arrest and apopto- sis in HT 29 human colon cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2000 Mar;60(5):1426-33.
40. Kensler TW, Curphey TJ, Maxiuntenko Y, Roebuck BD. Chemoprevention by organosulfur inducers of phase 2 enzymes: dithiolethiones and dithiins. Drug Metabol Drug Interact. 2000;17(1-4):3-22.
41. Fahey JW, Zhang Y, Talalay P. Broccoli sprouts: an exceptionally rich source of inducers of enzymes that protect against chemical carcinogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997 Sep;94(19):10367-72.
42. Kosar M, Dorman HJ, Can Baser KH, Hiltunen R. Screening of free radical scavenging compounds in water extracts of Mentha samples using a postcolumn derivatization method. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Aug;52(16):5004-10.
43. Ueda H, Yamazaki C, Yamazaki M. Luteolin as an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic constituent of Perilla frutescens. Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Sep;25(9):1197-202.
44. Shi RX, Ong CN, Shen HM. Luteolin sensitizes necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis in human tumor cells. Oncogene. 2004 Aug 30 [Epub ahead of print].
45. Yin F, Giuliano AE, Van Herle AJ. Growth inhibitory effects of flavonoids in human thyroid cancer cell lines. Thyroid. 1999 Apr;9(4):369-76.
46. Seddon JM, Ajani UA, Sperduto RD, et al. Dietary carotenoids, vitamins A, C, and E, and advanced age-related macular degener- ation. Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group. JAMA. 1994 Nov;272(18):1413-20.
47. Giovannucci E. A review of epidemiological studies of tomatoes, lycopene, and prostate cancer. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2002 Nov;227(10):852-9.
48. Dorgan JF, Sowell A, Swanson CA, et al. Relationship of serum carotenoids, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and selenium with breast cancer risk: results from a prospective study in Columbia, Missouri (United States). Cancer Causes Control. 1998 Jan;9(1):89-97.
49. Kohlmeier L, Kark JD, Gomez-Garcia E, et al. Lycopene and mycocardial infarction risk in the EURAMIC Study. Am J Epidemiol. 50. Visioli F, Riso P, Grande S, Galli C, Porrini M. Protective activity of tomato products on in vivo markers of lipid oxidation. Eur J Nutr. 2003 Aug;42(4):201-6.
51. Roy S, Khanna S, Alessio HM, et al. Anti-angiogenic property of edible berries. Free Rad Res. 2002 Sep;36(9):1023-31.
52. Goyarzu P, Malin DH, Lau FC, et al. Blueberry supplemented diet: effects on object recognition memory and nuclear fac- tor-kappa B in aged rats. Nutr Neurosci. 2004 Apr;7(2):75-83.
53. [No authors listed]. Monograph. Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry). Altern Med Rev. 2001 Oct;6(5):500-4.
54. Hou DX. Potential mechanisms of cancer chemoprevention by anthocyanins. Curr Mol Med. 2003 Mar;3(2):149-59.
55. Swantson-Flatt SK, Day C, Bailey CJ, Flatt PR. Traditional plant treatments for diabetes. Studies in normal and streptozocin diabetic mice. Diabetologia. 1990 Aug;33(8):462-4.
56. Rossi A, Settaino I, Dugo P, et al. Protective effects of anthocyanins from blackberry in a rat model of acute lung inflammation. Free Radic Res. 2003 Aug;37(8):891-900.
57. Sauebin L, Rossi A, Serraino I, et al. Effect of anthocyanins contained in a blackberry extract on the circulatory failure and multiple organ dysfunction caused by endotoxin in the rat. Planta Med. 2004 Aug;70(8):745-52.
58. Jepson RG, Mihaljevic L, Craig J. Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004(2):CD001321.
59. Ferguson PJ, Kurowska E, Freeman DJ, Chambers AF, Koropatnick DJ. A flavonoid fraction from cranberry extract inhibits proliferation of human tumor cell lines. J Nutr. 2004 Jun;134(6):1529-35.
60. Barak V, Birkenfeld S, Halperin T, Kalickman I. The effect of herbal remedies on the production of human inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Isr Med Assoc J. 2002 Nov;4(11Suppl):919-22.
61. Jacob RA, Spinozzi GM, Simon VA, et al. Consumption of cherries lowers plasma urate in healthy women. J Nutr. 2003 Jun;133(6):1826-9.
62. Chin OK, Kim DO, Moon HY, Kang HG, Lee CY. Contributions of individual polyphenolics to total antioxidant capacity of plums. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Dec;51(25):7240-5.
63. Gorinstein S, Bartnikowska E, Kulasek G, Zemser M, Trakhtenberg S. Dietary persimmon improves lipid metabolism in rats fed diets containing cholesterol. J Nutr. 1998 Nov;128(11):2023-7.
64. Kawase M, Motohashi N, Stoh K, et al. Biological activity of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) peel extracts. Phytother Res. 2003 May;17(5):495-500.
65. Gorinstein S, Zachwieja Z, Folta M, et al. Comparative contents of dietary fiber, total phenolics, and minerals in persimmons and apples. J Agric Food Chem. 2001 Feb;49(2):952-7.
66. Shi J, Yu J, Pohorly JE, Kakuda Y. Polyphenolics in grape seeds—biochemistry and functionality. J Med Food. 2003 Winter;6(4):291-9.
67. Binns CW, LJ LJ, Lee AH. The relationship between dietary carotenoids and prostate cancer risk in Southeast Chinese men. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2004;13(Suppl):S117.
68. Psaltopoulou T, Naska A, Orfanos P, Trichopoulos D, Mountokalakis T, Trichopoulou A. Olive oil, the Mediterranean diet, and arterial blood pres- sure: the Greek European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Oct;80(4):1012-8.
69. Gaudet MM, Britton JA, Kabat GC, et al. Fruits, vegetables, and micronutrients in relation to breast cancer modified by menopause and hormone receptor status. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004 Sept;13(9):1485-94.
70. Nicolle C, Cardinault N, Gueux E, et al. Health effect of vegetable-based diet: lettuce consumption improves cholesterol metabolism and antioxidant status in rats. Clin Nutr. 2004 Aug;23(4):605-14.
71. Turner F, Smith G, Sachse C, et al. Vegetable, fruit and meat consumption and potential risk modifying genes in relation to colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer. 2004 Nov 1;112(2):259-64.
72. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/ dnpa/5aday/campaign/color/index.htm. Accessed November 1, 2004.
73. Cho E, Seddon JM, Rosner B, Willett WC, Hankinson SE. Prospective study of intakes of fruits, vegetables, vitamins, and carotenoids and risk of age-related macu- lopathy. Arch Opthalmol. 2004 Jun;122(6):883-92.
74. He K, Hu FB, Colditz GA, Manson JE, Willett WC, Liu S. Changes in intake of fruit and vegetables in relation to risk of obesity and weight gain among middle-aged women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004 Oct 05 [Epub ahead of print].
75. Commenges D, Scotet V, Renaud S, Jacqmin-Gadda H, Barberger-Gateau P, Dartigues JF. Intake of flavonoids and risk for dementia. Eur J Epidemiol. 2000 Apr;16(4):357-63.
76. Steinmetz KA, Potter JD. Vegetables, fruit, and cancer prevention: a review. J Am Diet Assoc. 1996 Oct;96(10):1027-39.
Free Shipping in the Continental U.S. on Orders over $50
The statements made here have not been evaluated by the FDA. The foregoing statements are based upon sound and reliable studies, and are meant for informational purposes. Consult with your medical practitioner to determine the underlying cause of your symptoms. Please always check your purchase for possible allergins and correct dosage on the bottle before use.
While we work to ensure that product information is correct, on occasion manufacturers may alter their ingredient lists. Actual product packaging and materials may contain more and/or different information than that shown on our Web site. We recommend that you do not solely rely on the information presented and that you always read labels, warnings, and directions before using or consuming a product. For additional information about a product, please contact the manufacturer. Content on this site is for reference purposes and is not intended to substitute for advice given by a physician, pharmacist, or other licensed health-care professional. You should not use this information as self-diagnosis or for treating a health problem or disease. Contact your health-care provider immediately if you suspect that you have a medical problem. Information and statements regarding dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or health condition. Life Ex Online assumes no liability for inaccuracies or misstatements about products.
- Life Extension - Life Extension Vitamins
- Metagenics
- MetaKids
- Weight Management
- Glucose Management
- Longevity & Wellness
- Antioxidants
- Body Care
- Bones
- Brain
- Chinese / Mushrooms
- Digestion
- Energy / Sports
- Health Concerns
- Heart / Circulation
- Hormone / Prostate
- Immune
- Inflammatory Factors
- Intimacy
- Liver / Urinary
- Phyto Extracts
- Powdered Supplements
- Seasonal / Respiratory
- Vitamins / Multivitamins / Aminos / Minerals
- Life Extension CoQ10
- ~Metagenics X
- New Products
- Relationship Consultant and Coach!
