~ Boron Maintains Bones, Joints, Neurons and May Reduce Prostate Cancer Risk: References
References
1. Zhang Z-F, Winton MI, Rainey C, et al: Boron is associated with decreased risk of human prostate cancer. FASEB J 15:A1089, 2001.
2. Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis M, Bowen PE, Hussain EA, et al: Chemical composition and potential health effects of prunes: a functional food? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 41:251-86, 2001.
3. Gallardo-Williams MT, Maronpot RR, King PE, et al: Effects of boron supplementation on the morphology, PSA levels, and proliferative activity of LNCaP tumors in nude mice. Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res 43:77, 2002.
4. Murmu N, Ghosh P, Gomes A, et al: Antineoplastic effect of new boron compounds against leukemic cell lines and cells from leukemic patients. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 21:351-6, 2002.
5. Sur P, Ghosh P, Bag SP, et al: On the inhibitory activities of a new boron compound and ultrasound against the mouse ascites tumour. Chemotherapy 45:360-9, 1999.
6. Ghosh P, Sur B, Bag SP, et al: A new boron compound (guanidine biboric acid adduct) as an antitumour agent against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice. Tumour Biol 20:44-51, 1999.
7. Dibas A, Howard J, Anwar S, et al: Borato-1,2-diaminocyclohexane platinum (II), a novel anti-tumor drug. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 270:383- 6, 2000.
8. Hall IH, Elkins A, Powell WJ, et al: Substituted carboranes and polyhedral hydroborate salts as anti-neoplastics. Anticancer Res 18:2617-22, 1998.
9. Hall IH, Elkins AL, Sood A, et al: The cytotoxicity of adenosine 5'-[N,N-di- (gamma-o-carboranyl)propyl] phospho rodiamidate in human Tmolt3 leukemic cells. Anticancer Res 17:151-6, 1997.
10. Webber MM, Waghray A, Bello D: Prostate-specific antigen, a serine protease, facilitates human prostate cancer cell invasion. Clin Cancer Res 1:1089-94, 1995.
11. Nielsen FH: Studies on the relationship between boron and magnesium which possibly affects the formation and maintenance of bones. Magnes Trace Elem 9:61-9, 1990.
12. Nielsen FH, Hunt CD, Mullen LM, et al: Effect of dietary boron on mineral, estrogen, and testosterone metabolism in post-menopausal women. FASEB J 1:394-7, 1987.
13. Gross C, Stamey T, Hancock S, et al: Treatment of early recurrent prostate cancer with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol). J Urol 159:2035-9; discussion 2039-40, 1998.
14. Hegsted M, Keenan MJ, Siver F, et al: Effect of boron on vitamin D deficient rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 28:243-55, 1991.
15. Hunt CD, Idso JP: Dietary boron as a physiological regulator of the normal inflammatory response: A review and current research progress. J Trace Elem Exp Med 12:221-233, 1999.
16. Scharla SH, Minne HW, Waibel-Treber S, et al: Bone mass reduction after estrogen deprivation by long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists and its relation to pretreatment serum concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 70:1055-61, 1990.
17. US Department of Health and Human Services, Surgeon General's report on nutrition and health. Rocklin, CA, Prima Publishing and Communications, 1988.
18. Largo R, Alvarez-Soria MA, Diez-Ortego I, et al: Glucosamine inhibits IL-1beta-induced NFkappaB activation in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 11:290-8, 2003.
19. Fenton JI, Chlebek-Brown KA, Caron JP, et al: Effect of glucosamine on interleukin-1-conditioned articular cartilage. Equine Vet J Suppl:219-23, 2002.
20. Hall IH, Rajendran KG, Chen SY, et al: Anti-inflammatory activity of amine-carboxyboranes in rodents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 328:39-44, 1995.
21. Rajendran KG, Chen SY, Sood A, et al: The anti-osteoporotic activity of amine-carboxyboranes in rodents. Biomed Pharmacother 49:131-40, 1995.
22. Hall IH, Starnes CO, McPhail AT, et al: Anti-inflammatory activity of amine cyanoboranes, amine carboxyboranes, and related compounds. J Pharm Sci 69:1025-9, 1980.
23. Newnham RE: Essentiality of boron for healthy bones and joints. Environ Health Perspect 102 Suppl 7:83-5, 1994.
24. Travers RL, Rennie GC, Newnham RE: Boron and arthritis: the result of a double-blind pilot study. J Nutr Med 1:127- 132, 1990.
25. Helliwell TR, Kelly SA, Walsh HP, et al: Elemental analysis of femoral bone from patients with fractured neck of femur or osteoarthrosis. Bone 18:151-7, 1996.
26. Penland JG: Dietary boron, brain function, and cognitive performance. Environ Health Perspect 102 Suppl 7:65-72, 1994.
27. Glorioso S, Todesco S, Mazzi A, et al: Double-blind multicentre study of the activity of S-adenosylmethionine in hip and knee osteoarthritis. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 5:39-49, 1985.
28. Gaby AR: Natural treatments for osteo- arthritis. Altern Med Rev 4:330-41, 1999.
29. Konig B: A long-term (two years) clini cal trial with S-adenosylmethionine for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Am J Med 83:89-94, 1987.
30. Ralston NV, Hunt CD: Diadenosine phosphates and S-adenosylmethionine: novel boron binding biomolecules detected by capillary electrophoresis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1527:20-30, 2001.
31. Agdeppa ED, Kepe V, Petri A, et al: In vitro detection of (S)-naproxen and ibuprofen binding to plaques in the Alzheimer's brain using the positron emission tomography molecular imag ing probe 2-(1-[6-[(2-[(18)F]fluo- roethyl)(methyl)amino]-2-naphthyl]ethylidene)malono nitrile. Neuroscience 117:723-30, 2003.
32. Blasko I, Grubeck-Loebenstein B: Role of the immune system in the pathogen- esis, prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Drugs Aging 20:101-13, 2003.
33. Penland JG: The importance of boron nutrition for brain and psychological function. Biol Trace Elem Res 66:299-317, 1998.
34. Benderdour M, Van Bui T, Hess K, et al: Effects of boron derivatives on extracellular matrix formation. J Trace Elem Med Biol 14:168-73, 2000.
35. Nielsen FH: Ultratrace Minerals. In: Modern Nutrition Health Disease. (9th edition), editor M.E. Shils, Baltimore, MD, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1999, pp. 286-288.
36. Olney JW: Role of excitotoxins in developmental neuropathology. APMIS Suppl 40:103-12, 1993.
37. Fail PA, Chapin RE, Price CJ, et al: General, reproductive, developmental, and endocrine toxicity of boronated compounds. Reprod Toxicol 12:1-18, 1998.
38. Murray FJ: A human health risk assess- ment of boron (boric acid and borax) in drinking water. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 22:221-30, 1995.
39. Linden CH, Hall AH, Kulig KW, et al: Acute ingestions of boric acid. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 24:269-79, 1986.
40. Pinto J, Huang YP, McConnell RJ, et al: Increased urinary riboflavin excre tion resulting from boric acid ingestion. J Lab Clin Med 92:126-34, 1978.
41. Gordon AS, Prichard JS, Freedman MH: Seizure disorders and anemia associated with chronic borax intoxica- tion. Can Med Assoc J 108:719-21, 1973.
42. Hubbard SA: Comparative toxicology of borates. Biol Trace Elem Res 66:343-57, 1998.
43. Pan XQ, Wang H, Shukla S, et al: Boron-containing folate receptor-targeted liposomes as potential delivery agents for neutron capture therapy. Bioconjug Chem 13:435-42, 2002.
44. Shukla S, Wu G, Chatterjee M, et al: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Folate Receptor-Targeted Boronated PAMAM Dendrimers as Potential Agents for Neutron Capture Therapy. Bioconjug Chem 14:158-67, 2003.
45. Pan XQ, Wang H, Lee RJ: Boron delivery to a murine lung carcinoma using folate receptor-targeted liposomes. Anticancer Res 22:1629-33, 2002.
46. Valliant JF, Schaffer P, Stephenson KA, et al: Synthesis of boroxifen, a nido- carborane analogue of tamoxifen. J Org Chem 67:383-7, 2002.
47. Vicente MG: Porphyrin-based Sensitizers in the Detection and Treatment of Cancer: Recent Progress. Curr Med Chem Anti-Canc Agents 1:175-94, 2001.
48. Hill JS, Kahl SB, Stylli SS, et al: Selective tumor kill of cerebral glioma by photodynamic therapy using a boronated porphyrin photosensitizer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92:12126-30, 1995.
49. Yamada Y, Toda K, Kahl SB, et al: Enhanced therapeutic effect on murine melanoma and angiosarcoma cells by boron neutron capture therapy using a boronated metalloporphyrin. Kobe J Med Sci 40:25-37, 1994.
50. Shahbazi-Gahrouei D, Williams M, Rizvi S, et al: In vivo studies of Gd- DTPA-mono-clonal antibody and gd- porphyrins: potential magnetic reso nance imaging contrast agents for melanoma. J Magn Reson Imaging 14:169-74, 2001.
51. Kreimann EL, Miura M, Itoiz ME, et al: Biodistribution of a carborane-containing porphyrin as a targeting agent for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy of oral cancer in the hamster cheek pouch. Arch Oral Biol 48:223-32, 2003.
52. Miura M, Joel DD, Smilowitz HM, et al: Biodistribution of copper carbo ranyltetraphenylporphyrins in rodents bearing an isogeneic or human neo-plasm. J Neurooncol 52:111-7, 2001.
53. Miura M, Morris GM, Micca PL, et al: Boron Neutron Capture Therapy of a Murine Mammary Carcinoma using a LipophilicCarboranyltetraphenylporphyrin. Radiat Res 155:603-610, 2001.
54. Callahan DE, Forte TM, Afzal SM, et al: Boronated protoporphyrin (BOPP): local-ization in lysosomes of the human glioma cell line SF-767 with uptake modulated by lipoprotein levels. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 45:761-71, 1999.
55. Nichols TL, Kabalka GW, Miller LF, et al: Improved treatment planning for boron neutron capture therapy for glioblastoma multiforme using fluorine-18 labeled boronophenylalanine and positron emission tomography. Med Phys 29:2351-8, 2002.
56. Kabalka GW, Nichols TL, Smith GT, et al: The use of positron emission tomography to develop boron neutron capture therapy treatment plans for metastatic malignant melanoma. J Neurooncol 62:187-95, 2003.
57. Hawthorne MF: Condensed version of the 79th faculty research lecture, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at UCLA, 1995
58. Diaz AZ, Coderre JA, Chanana AD, et al: Boron neutron capture therapy for malignant gliomas. Ann Med 32:81-5, 2000.
59. Hawthorne MF, Lee MW: A critical assessment of boron target compounds for boron neutron capture therapy. J Neurooncol 62:33-45, 2003.
60. Hunt CD, Nielsen FH: Dietary boron affects bone calcification in magnesium and chole-calciferol deficient chicks. In: Trace elements in human and animal nutrition. (5th edition), editor W. Mertz, New York, Academic Press, 1986, pp. 275-277.
61. Hunt CD, Nielsen FH: Interaction between boron and cholecalciferol in the chick. In: Trace elements in human and animal nutrition. (4th edition), editor E.J. Underwood, New York, Academic Press, 1977, pp. 597-600.
62. Hunt CD, Herbel JL, Idso JP: Dietary boron modifies the effects of vitamin D3 nutrition on indices of energy substrate utilization and mineral metabolism in the chick. J Bone Miner Res 9:171-82,1994.
63. Bai Y, Hunt CD: Dietary boron enhances efficacy of cholecalciferol in broiler chicks. J Trace Elem Exp Med 9:117-132, 1996.
64. Hunt CD: Biochemical effects of physiological amounts of dietary boron. J Trace Elem Exp Med 9:185-213, 1996.
65. Nielsen FH, Penland JG: Boron supplementation of perimenopausal women affects boron metabolism and indices associated with macromineral metabolism, hormonal status and immune function. J Trace Elem Exp Med 12:251-261, 1999.
66. Hunt CD: The biochemical effects of physiologic amounts of dietary boron in animal nutrition models. Environ Health Perspect 102 Suppl 7:35-43, 1994.
67. Nielsen FH: Boron in human and animal nutrition. Plant and Soil 193:199- 208, 1997.
1. Zhang Z-F, Winton MI, Rainey C, et al: Boron is associated with decreased risk of human prostate cancer. FASEB J 15:A1089, 2001.
2. Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis M, Bowen PE, Hussain EA, et al: Chemical composition and potential health effects of prunes: a functional food? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 41:251-86, 2001.
3. Gallardo-Williams MT, Maronpot RR, King PE, et al: Effects of boron supplementation on the morphology, PSA levels, and proliferative activity of LNCaP tumors in nude mice. Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res 43:77, 2002.
4. Murmu N, Ghosh P, Gomes A, et al: Antineoplastic effect of new boron compounds against leukemic cell lines and cells from leukemic patients. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 21:351-6, 2002.
5. Sur P, Ghosh P, Bag SP, et al: On the inhibitory activities of a new boron compound and ultrasound against the mouse ascites tumour. Chemotherapy 45:360-9, 1999.
6. Ghosh P, Sur B, Bag SP, et al: A new boron compound (guanidine biboric acid adduct) as an antitumour agent against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice. Tumour Biol 20:44-51, 1999.
7. Dibas A, Howard J, Anwar S, et al: Borato-1,2-diaminocyclohexane platinum (II), a novel anti-tumor drug. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 270:383- 6, 2000.
8. Hall IH, Elkins A, Powell WJ, et al: Substituted carboranes and polyhedral hydroborate salts as anti-neoplastics. Anticancer Res 18:2617-22, 1998.
9. Hall IH, Elkins AL, Sood A, et al: The cytotoxicity of adenosine 5'-[N,N-di- (gamma-o-carboranyl)propyl] phospho rodiamidate in human Tmolt3 leukemic cells. Anticancer Res 17:151-6, 1997.
10. Webber MM, Waghray A, Bello D: Prostate-specific antigen, a serine protease, facilitates human prostate cancer cell invasion. Clin Cancer Res 1:1089-94, 1995.
11. Nielsen FH: Studies on the relationship between boron and magnesium which possibly affects the formation and maintenance of bones. Magnes Trace Elem 9:61-9, 1990.
12. Nielsen FH, Hunt CD, Mullen LM, et al: Effect of dietary boron on mineral, estrogen, and testosterone metabolism in post-menopausal women. FASEB J 1:394-7, 1987.
13. Gross C, Stamey T, Hancock S, et al: Treatment of early recurrent prostate cancer with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol). J Urol 159:2035-9; discussion 2039-40, 1998.
14. Hegsted M, Keenan MJ, Siver F, et al: Effect of boron on vitamin D deficient rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 28:243-55, 1991.
15. Hunt CD, Idso JP: Dietary boron as a physiological regulator of the normal inflammatory response: A review and current research progress. J Trace Elem Exp Med 12:221-233, 1999.
16. Scharla SH, Minne HW, Waibel-Treber S, et al: Bone mass reduction after estrogen deprivation by long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists and its relation to pretreatment serum concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 70:1055-61, 1990.
17. US Department of Health and Human Services, Surgeon General's report on nutrition and health. Rocklin, CA, Prima Publishing and Communications, 1988.
18. Largo R, Alvarez-Soria MA, Diez-Ortego I, et al: Glucosamine inhibits IL-1beta-induced NFkappaB activation in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 11:290-8, 2003.
19. Fenton JI, Chlebek-Brown KA, Caron JP, et al: Effect of glucosamine on interleukin-1-conditioned articular cartilage. Equine Vet J Suppl:219-23, 2002.
20. Hall IH, Rajendran KG, Chen SY, et al: Anti-inflammatory activity of amine-carboxyboranes in rodents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 328:39-44, 1995.
21. Rajendran KG, Chen SY, Sood A, et al: The anti-osteoporotic activity of amine-carboxyboranes in rodents. Biomed Pharmacother 49:131-40, 1995.
22. Hall IH, Starnes CO, McPhail AT, et al: Anti-inflammatory activity of amine cyanoboranes, amine carboxyboranes, and related compounds. J Pharm Sci 69:1025-9, 1980.
23. Newnham RE: Essentiality of boron for healthy bones and joints. Environ Health Perspect 102 Suppl 7:83-5, 1994.
24. Travers RL, Rennie GC, Newnham RE: Boron and arthritis: the result of a double-blind pilot study. J Nutr Med 1:127- 132, 1990.
25. Helliwell TR, Kelly SA, Walsh HP, et al: Elemental analysis of femoral bone from patients with fractured neck of femur or osteoarthrosis. Bone 18:151-7, 1996.
26. Penland JG: Dietary boron, brain function, and cognitive performance. Environ Health Perspect 102 Suppl 7:65-72, 1994.
27. Glorioso S, Todesco S, Mazzi A, et al: Double-blind multicentre study of the activity of S-adenosylmethionine in hip and knee osteoarthritis. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 5:39-49, 1985.
28. Gaby AR: Natural treatments for osteo- arthritis. Altern Med Rev 4:330-41, 1999.
29. Konig B: A long-term (two years) clini cal trial with S-adenosylmethionine for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Am J Med 83:89-94, 1987.
30. Ralston NV, Hunt CD: Diadenosine phosphates and S-adenosylmethionine: novel boron binding biomolecules detected by capillary electrophoresis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1527:20-30, 2001.
31. Agdeppa ED, Kepe V, Petri A, et al: In vitro detection of (S)-naproxen and ibuprofen binding to plaques in the Alzheimer's brain using the positron emission tomography molecular imag ing probe 2-(1-[6-[(2-[(18)F]fluo- roethyl)(methyl)amino]-2-naphthyl]ethylidene)malono nitrile. Neuroscience 117:723-30, 2003.
32. Blasko I, Grubeck-Loebenstein B: Role of the immune system in the pathogen- esis, prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Drugs Aging 20:101-13, 2003.
33. Penland JG: The importance of boron nutrition for brain and psychological function. Biol Trace Elem Res 66:299-317, 1998.
34. Benderdour M, Van Bui T, Hess K, et al: Effects of boron derivatives on extracellular matrix formation. J Trace Elem Med Biol 14:168-73, 2000.
35. Nielsen FH: Ultratrace Minerals. In: Modern Nutrition Health Disease. (9th edition), editor M.E. Shils, Baltimore, MD, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1999, pp. 286-288.
36. Olney JW: Role of excitotoxins in developmental neuropathology. APMIS Suppl 40:103-12, 1993.
37. Fail PA, Chapin RE, Price CJ, et al: General, reproductive, developmental, and endocrine toxicity of boronated compounds. Reprod Toxicol 12:1-18, 1998.
38. Murray FJ: A human health risk assess- ment of boron (boric acid and borax) in drinking water. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 22:221-30, 1995.
39. Linden CH, Hall AH, Kulig KW, et al: Acute ingestions of boric acid. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 24:269-79, 1986.
40. Pinto J, Huang YP, McConnell RJ, et al: Increased urinary riboflavin excre tion resulting from boric acid ingestion. J Lab Clin Med 92:126-34, 1978.
41. Gordon AS, Prichard JS, Freedman MH: Seizure disorders and anemia associated with chronic borax intoxica- tion. Can Med Assoc J 108:719-21, 1973.
42. Hubbard SA: Comparative toxicology of borates. Biol Trace Elem Res 66:343-57, 1998.
43. Pan XQ, Wang H, Shukla S, et al: Boron-containing folate receptor-targeted liposomes as potential delivery agents for neutron capture therapy. Bioconjug Chem 13:435-42, 2002.
44. Shukla S, Wu G, Chatterjee M, et al: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Folate Receptor-Targeted Boronated PAMAM Dendrimers as Potential Agents for Neutron Capture Therapy. Bioconjug Chem 14:158-67, 2003.
45. Pan XQ, Wang H, Lee RJ: Boron delivery to a murine lung carcinoma using folate receptor-targeted liposomes. Anticancer Res 22:1629-33, 2002.
46. Valliant JF, Schaffer P, Stephenson KA, et al: Synthesis of boroxifen, a nido- carborane analogue of tamoxifen. J Org Chem 67:383-7, 2002.
47. Vicente MG: Porphyrin-based Sensitizers in the Detection and Treatment of Cancer: Recent Progress. Curr Med Chem Anti-Canc Agents 1:175-94, 2001.
48. Hill JS, Kahl SB, Stylli SS, et al: Selective tumor kill of cerebral glioma by photodynamic therapy using a boronated porphyrin photosensitizer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92:12126-30, 1995.
49. Yamada Y, Toda K, Kahl SB, et al: Enhanced therapeutic effect on murine melanoma and angiosarcoma cells by boron neutron capture therapy using a boronated metalloporphyrin. Kobe J Med Sci 40:25-37, 1994.
50. Shahbazi-Gahrouei D, Williams M, Rizvi S, et al: In vivo studies of Gd- DTPA-mono-clonal antibody and gd- porphyrins: potential magnetic reso nance imaging contrast agents for melanoma. J Magn Reson Imaging 14:169-74, 2001.
51. Kreimann EL, Miura M, Itoiz ME, et al: Biodistribution of a carborane-containing porphyrin as a targeting agent for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy of oral cancer in the hamster cheek pouch. Arch Oral Biol 48:223-32, 2003.
52. Miura M, Joel DD, Smilowitz HM, et al: Biodistribution of copper carbo ranyltetraphenylporphyrins in rodents bearing an isogeneic or human neo-plasm. J Neurooncol 52:111-7, 2001.
53. Miura M, Morris GM, Micca PL, et al: Boron Neutron Capture Therapy of a Murine Mammary Carcinoma using a LipophilicCarboranyltetraphenylporphyrin. Radiat Res 155:603-610, 2001.
54. Callahan DE, Forte TM, Afzal SM, et al: Boronated protoporphyrin (BOPP): local-ization in lysosomes of the human glioma cell line SF-767 with uptake modulated by lipoprotein levels. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 45:761-71, 1999.
55. Nichols TL, Kabalka GW, Miller LF, et al: Improved treatment planning for boron neutron capture therapy for glioblastoma multiforme using fluorine-18 labeled boronophenylalanine and positron emission tomography. Med Phys 29:2351-8, 2002.
56. Kabalka GW, Nichols TL, Smith GT, et al: The use of positron emission tomography to develop boron neutron capture therapy treatment plans for metastatic malignant melanoma. J Neurooncol 62:187-95, 2003.
57. Hawthorne MF: Condensed version of the 79th faculty research lecture, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at UCLA, 1995
58. Diaz AZ, Coderre JA, Chanana AD, et al: Boron neutron capture therapy for malignant gliomas. Ann Med 32:81-5, 2000.
59. Hawthorne MF, Lee MW: A critical assessment of boron target compounds for boron neutron capture therapy. J Neurooncol 62:33-45, 2003.
60. Hunt CD, Nielsen FH: Dietary boron affects bone calcification in magnesium and chole-calciferol deficient chicks. In: Trace elements in human and animal nutrition. (5th edition), editor W. Mertz, New York, Academic Press, 1986, pp. 275-277.
61. Hunt CD, Nielsen FH: Interaction between boron and cholecalciferol in the chick. In: Trace elements in human and animal nutrition. (4th edition), editor E.J. Underwood, New York, Academic Press, 1977, pp. 597-600.
62. Hunt CD, Herbel JL, Idso JP: Dietary boron modifies the effects of vitamin D3 nutrition on indices of energy substrate utilization and mineral metabolism in the chick. J Bone Miner Res 9:171-82,1994.
63. Bai Y, Hunt CD: Dietary boron enhances efficacy of cholecalciferol in broiler chicks. J Trace Elem Exp Med 9:117-132, 1996.
64. Hunt CD: Biochemical effects of physiological amounts of dietary boron. J Trace Elem Exp Med 9:185-213, 1996.
65. Nielsen FH, Penland JG: Boron supplementation of perimenopausal women affects boron metabolism and indices associated with macromineral metabolism, hormonal status and immune function. J Trace Elem Exp Med 12:251-261, 1999.
66. Hunt CD: The biochemical effects of physiologic amounts of dietary boron in animal nutrition models. Environ Health Perspect 102 Suppl 7:35-43, 1994.
67. Nielsen FH: Boron in human and animal nutrition. Plant and Soil 193:199- 208, 1997.
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